Understanding the experiences of pregnant women and clinicians around the insertion of a balloon catheter for the induction of labour, comparing digital insertion and speculum insertion techniques.

Induction of labour (IOL) involves the artificial initiation of labour and is commonly undertaken to protect the health of the woman and her baby. In Australia, IOL rates have risen significantly, with approximately 35% of births in 2020 involving induction. The process occurs in two stages, beginning with cervical ripening to prepare the cervix for uterine contractions. This can be achieved using hormonal or mechanical methods. Mechanical options, such as balloon catheters, are often preferred because synthetic hormones are associated with increased risks, including uterine hyperstimulation and fetal distress. Although both methods are similarly effective, the World Health Organisation recommends balloon catheters due to their favourable safety profile. Balloon catheters promote cervical softening by applying pressure that stimulates endogenous prostaglandin release. They can be inserted using a speculum or digitally. While speculum insertion is more common, evidence suggests digital insertion is equally effective, quicker, and often better tolerated. This study aims to examine women’s and clinicians’ experiences of speculum versus digital balloon catheter insertion, comparing pain, comfort, and procedural views. Its findings may inform more woman-centred and clinically responsive practice.