Augmented Reality versus Virtual Reality in Gait Rehabilitation

Both augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) are increasingly used in gait rehabilitation, yet little is known about how these modalities differ in their biomechanical effects, attentional demands, and transfer of training to real‑world walking. Existing studies largely focus on VR treadmill training and functional outcomes, leaving uncertainty about the relative merits of AR overlays versus full VR immersion during overground walking. This PhD will directly compare AR‑based and VR‑based gait rehabilitation using a controlled, overground design. Participants (e.g. stroke survivors or older adults) will complete matched gait training tasks delivered either as AR overlays or immersive VR scenes. Outcomes will be captured using the Zeno walkway, Kistler force plates, THEIA3D marker-less motion capture, and Tobii eye‑tracking glasses to measure gait mechanics, balance, and visual attention. The project will determine which modality best supports natural gait patterns, postural stability, and retention of improvements following training. Findings will inform evidence‑based prescribing of AR versus VR in rehabilitation, supporting safer, more effective XR‑based gait interventions in clinical and community settings.